Las empresas forestales comunitarias y la innovación sustentable : Evaluación mediante el análisis de ciclo de vida en los procesos de producción del sector de la madera y mueble en Oaxaca, México
The environmental concerns related to deforestation, forest degradation and losses in biodiversity lead to a negative image of wood products. On the other, a wider utilization of wood products made from well-managed resources can contribute significantly to achieving sustainable development. This ha...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2016 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/385351 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385351 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-96189 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Innovación sustentable Evaluación de impacto Empresa forestal Sustainable innovation Impact assessment Forestry enterprise Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Economia i organització d'empreses Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament humà i sostenible Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria agroalimentària 630 631/635 |
| Sumario: | The environmental concerns related to deforestation, forest degradation and losses in biodiversity lead to a negative image of wood products. On the other, a wider utilization of wood products made from well-managed resources can contribute significantly to achieving sustainable development. This has led to an increase in the application of life cycle thinking, which includes consequences of a product or process over its entire life cycle, from raw material extraction to manufacturing, packaging, distribution, use and end of life. This research focuses on assessment of environmental impacts of production timber products by the methodology of life-cycle assessment (LCA) to identify possible alternatives to improve and reduce these impacts and achieve sustainable innovation, this study is based a case study a community forest enterprise in Oaxaca Mexico. The production of dry lumber, finger joint board and school furniture is assessed by the LCA (ISO 14040/14044) following steps a) Definition of goal and scope, b) inventory analysis, c) Impact assessment d) Interpretation; inputs and outputs of materials, energy and fuel for 24 months (2010-2011) are quantified. It is considered gate to gate analysis, where the functional unit is 1m3 of sawn timber, 1m3 of finger joint board and 1kg of school furniture finished product, the SimaPro software v.8 is used, the impact method TRACI and are considered with the categories: ozone layer depletion acidification, eutrophication, global warming and smog all these for sawn timber and the method impact CML baseline 2000 for finger jointed board: abiotic depletion, human toxicity, ecotoxicity in freshwater, marine water toxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity and photochemical oxidation for the school furniture finished. The research question, The production processes of timber products in the UCFAS are more sustainable than the production processes of timber products in private forestry companies? It is answered by the proven hypothesis in part, because the results show that sawing and drying in UCFAS look similar to private forestry companies in USA environmental performance, with the electricity the largest contributor to the environmental impact, the finger joint board has a lower environmental burden in the categories of global warming, eutrophication and smog in terms of functionality compared with MDF board; regarding school furniture 80% as raw material has finger joint board which is a smaller contribution to the impact compared to other products whose raw materials include plywood or MDF board. The second question, Is it possible to improve the environmental performance of production processes in the UCFAS by the results of the life cycle assessment? the question is answered affirmatively by testing the second hypothesis were identified as electricity, fossil fuels (diesel for the cargo carrier), lubricants (for machinery and equipment) and paraformaldehyde resin (on board): sources where the greatest contribution to environmental impact originates. The analysis in the UCFAS is useful for both the company and the sector of wood and furniture in Mexico. The methodology is transferable to other production units, expansion and use of LCA in Mexico, contributing to the improvement of production processes also would result in greater opportunities and strengthening towards this type of community companies as to cope locally and integrate vertically, it is found that their environmental impacts are lower. |
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